English Literature: Frankenstein Essay Essay

Frankenstein was written by Mary Shelley when she was only eighteen years old after a nightmare she had. It was first published on 1st January 1818 and was an instant success. Using the style of the ‘Gothic Novel’, Frankenstein was the first science-fiction book ever written. Almost two centuries later it has become not only a widely read classic, but also one of the most influential novels ever written. Frankenstein is a moral tale that deals with issues and ethics of medical and scientific advancement and how far humans should go in tampering with nature. The story raises questions as to who should have final power over life and human nature, God or humans. Shelley calls her book a ‘Modern Prometheus’, because there are many similarities in the plots. The Greek God, Prometheus, gave the human race fire, out of pity so they could eat, but also brought them danger, and was punished for it by Zeus. Prometheus was a hero to humans, but Dr. Victor Frankenstein is a villain because he did nothing to contribute to the world; he did everything for himself rather than using his knowledge for the good of others. Shelley does not express her views, but simply tells a story. The story explores the dire consequences of meddling in such serious matters. In a dramatic and shocking way she is more persuasive and challenging to people than if she had directly preached her views. Without directly telling people what they ought to think, she is powerfully able to make people question the morality of their actions in a day of rapid scientific advances. The ‘Gothic Novel’ was a very popular style of writing in the late eighteenth to mid-nineteenth century. Shelley used this style because she knew it would appeal to the masses. Its use of horror, violence and the supernatural was exciting, intriguing and macabre. Although at one level it was frightening, it was also intriguing and compelling. Although on the surface it repelled, at a deeper level a reader was drawn to the horror, just as the curious are drawn to view victims of an accident. Her clever use of horror disguises her Puritanical views by letting the dire outcome of an obsessed doctor who creates a monster speak for itself. Victor Frankenstein Dr. Victor Frankenstein is the main protagonist of the novel and is a complex character. The bulk of the story is told from his point of view, revealing his struggle to deal with the responsibility for the tragic consequences of his ‘playing God’ by creating a monster from dead bodies he stole from graves. Frankenstein is a very egotistical and conceited man. He believes totally in his own ability and power. He is self-centred, but at the same time lacks self-awareness. ‘†¦ I doubted not that I should ultimately succeed. ‘ p. 42 Frankenstein’s ego is so immense that he comes to see himself as God-like. His dream to create a physically superior race that will worship him as its God is the dream of a megalomaniac. He has delusions of grandeur almost to the point of considering himself as the Saviour of the world. Although Dr. Frankenstein admits that he was at first unsure about whether he should perform the act of human creation this hesitancy is quickly taken over by his arrogance and desire to succeed. He thinks he can do no wrong. ‘I doubted at first†¦ but my imagination was too much exalted†¦ to permit me to doubt of my ability†¦ ‘ p. 42 Frankenstein in one sense is an idealist in that he wanted to create a perfect race, a better race than current, imperfect humanity. He has a vision of an army of physically superior humans with high intelligence. However the reality of his method is to combine a collection of different body parts from different human beings, with different proportions, from graves and vaults. His ideal is very different to reality, showing how out of touch with reality he really is. It also shows his immorality, for he disregards authority and has a lack of respect for the dead. Frankenstein’s readiness to mutilate and steal bodies shows that he thinks of the deceased bodies as merely physical carcasses for use at his disposal. He seems to have no morals or ethics at all and doesn’t even think about the consequences if he was caught. ‘I collected bones from charnel-houses; and disturbed, with profane fingers, the tremendous secrets of the human frame. ‘ p. 43 Frankenstein’s obsession with creation drives him to break down the boundaries of life and death. He is oblivious to the outside world and nothing else matters to him. ‘†¦ Still urged on by an eagerness which perpetually increased, I brought my work near to a conclusion. ‘ p. 43 But once creating his being, when the Monster awakes, Frankenstein is terrified by it, and runs away. His ideal of a perfect, flawless being is crushed at the sight of his hideous creation. Frankenstein instantly rejects the Monster, fleeing from its outstretched arms. He is judgemental and shallow, judging his creation on looks, not personality. However, scientists are supposed to be objective instead of subjective. ‘†¦ Now I had finished, the beauty of the dream vanished’ P.

Harmony

Music is composed by four elements, this elements are harmony, rhythm, form and melody. I consider harmony to be the most important and my personal favorite because harmony is what gives the feeling and character to a song. The harmony gives emotions to a song, some of this emotions are sadness, happiness and/ darkness. Harmony is any combination of tones simultaneously. It is the structure of music with respect to the composition and progression of chords. It is often referred as the â€Å"vertical† side of music with melody being the â€Å"horizontal† side of music.Usually harmonization sounds pleasant to the ear as long as the consonant and the dissonant sounds are balanced. Which means that there is a balance between the â€Å"tense† and the â€Å"relaxed† moments. The word harmony comes from the Greek word harmonia that means â€Å"agreement† and from the verb harmozo that means â€Å"to Joint†. In the past the word harmony was used to r efer to the whole field of music while the word â€Å"music† was used to refer to the arts in general. There are different types of harmony.Some of these types are open position, close position, subordinate and oordinate. Even though some types of music can exist without harmony like percussive music that doesn't utilize harmony, doesn't mean that all kinds of music can exist without harmony. No, they can't. One of the genres of music that highlights the use of harmony is Jazz. Any music that utilizes instruments like piano, guitar or voices utilizes harmony. A song that I like and highlights the use of harmony is â€Å"Hotel California† by The Eagles.In this song some of the chords they use mimic the ringing f the â€Å"mission bell† on top of hotel. There is also a Spanish feeling in the song that I think could relate to the Spanish heritage of California. In the beginning of the song there is also a â€Å"shaker† sound that kind of resembles that of th e rattlesnake. When you hear this sound you can imagine a desert. All of this and other sounds in the song creates a mood. Also during the chorus you can hear a few other voices in the background that resembles there sound of voices echoing through the hallways of the hotel.

Market Structure Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Market Structure - Essay Example Simultaneously, economics can be defined as a way of thinking. In the present day context, business units get largely impacted by the market structure of the place or a particular nation as business performance is directly dependent on how the economy behaves in the long run. Notably, on the basis of economic situations and other features, market structure of a place is divided into several forms including perfect competition, monopolistic competition and oligopoly and each one of them has their own characteristics or features. Business units have the need to analyze these particular features to ensure the accomplishment of their business targets (Baumol & Blinder, 2011; Hubbard, 2007). In this proposed discussion, the main aim will be to describe various market structures including perfect competition, monopolistic competition, oligopoly, and monopoly along with identifying a few of the characteristics of each of the market structures. Additionally, the paper will discuss the way in which high entry barriers into the market can influence long-run profitability of a firm. The paper will also discuss price elasticity of demand of each of the market structures and its impact on pricing of products to get a more comprehensive understanding about the same. Perfect competition describes such market conditions, where a large number of sellers are involved in business activities and also the sellers are dealing with homogeneous products. Notably, in this sort of market structure, none of the players are big or large enough to capture the entire market by their operations. In such market scenarios, each of the players in the market is competent enough to ensure perfect competition for others in the same market which further augments the level of competition in the market. This sort of market structure provides utmost opportunities for business units to perform in an effective manner; otherwise they might perish while attaining long-term sustainability (Baumol

Add to all bullets that is in yellow Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Add to all bullets that is in yellow - Essay Example Data used in this qualitative ethnographic study design comprise of structure interviews, peer reviewed journals, and analysis of materials and documents. The study creates an understanding to the barriers older citizens face while adopting new technology. The address importance to policy developers and NGO’s (Non-government Organizations) who are concerned with integrating senior citizens into new technology. Lack of interest in technology will adversely affect senior citizens, as they will miss convenient methods of managing their financial prospects. In-depth understanding of advancements within the technology sector liberates individuals regardless of their age differences from a financial point of view. Financial institutions such as banking institutions grant their customers access to their various accounts in the comfort of their work areas or homes. Internet banking continues to transform the banking sector, as clients are able to customize and manage their bank accounts according to their unique preferences. In addition, senior citizens benefit from access to health-related information. Technological advancements such as the internet and social media platforms create opportunities for senior citizens to access such information. This saves them from accumulating medical expenses incurred during consultation forums. Purpose statement The purpose of this qualitative ethnographic study is to evaluate which senior citizens are positive about the use of technology and observe the technology needs. The Senior Technical Analysis interview designed to interview 30 seniors from various ethnic and economic backgrounds from the Metro Detroit area of Michigan. The study supports knowledge to help government agencies to understand the importance of senior citizens gaining computer skills to enable them to conduct personal business. The study address needs in the community to understand the technology needs

Critical Issues Module 4 Paper Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Critical Issues Module 4 Paper - Coursework Example He founded the solutions of long term strategic projects with the help of various funding, the field building project with the tenure of five year that directly helped the 5000 leaders of nonprofits, more than 400 consultants and 600 staff foundations (La Piana Consulting, 2009). As a result, La Piana stayed the prominent name at the back publication on the theme for some years (and, debatably, leftovers the most important specialist on the subject). In the year of 2009, La piana’s nationwide consulting trade for nonprofit amalgamation and partnerships has had tremendous growth for the development and help with tactical reformation and it served the nonprofit organizations so effectively as it did a year ago (Gose, 2009). On description of his standing, this augmented attention in his social consulting services has been marked the best qualitative pointer and indicator strongly proving the expansion of the reformation progress in nonprofits and his tremendous contribution lead s him towards the success today. La Pianas basic revision on rearrangement concerned the study of 400 nonprofits organization with per/annum revenues of more than 0.2mn $ in San Francisco and Cleveland (Kohm & La Piana, 2003, p.13). The facts from the research recommended that â€Å"long term plan restructuring may create the combined programming in nonprofits†. The changing in environments creates a various chances for nonprofits to grow rapidly in all ways; also it offers new spirited challenges to compete with them in the market, frequently with those who are playing in the same industry. Being clever to distinguish when to work together and when to struggle — and having the Aptitude to shift with self-assurance flanked by the two — will be input to nonprofits’ skill to stay alive and flourish. La Piana convinced the member to share their ideas and relationship with each other, they articulated their emotions and feelings negative as well positive in shape of anger

Journel 6 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Journel 6 - Essay Example for native cultures that was not distorted by the westernized way of life where the icon lived, an inner strength that made her overcome all the odds to emerge an icon, a love for fashion that relates to her culture and respect for cultural background especially with regard to the mode of dressing among women. Unlike other texts that present a violent cultural icon especially due to the racist ideologies of the past, the icon in this case presents a different image that represent calmness, inner peace and confidence in whatever she did. The cultural icon is regarded as one of the pioneers who helped in reshaping culture, music and arts especially among the people of African origin and helped them to spread their skills across the globe due to her prowess in compositions, all which were deeply rooted in the classical Christian theology that she closely practiced (Boodram, 2012). Therefore, the icon stood for a strong feminist advocate who declared the strong power of women especially as a minority in world that was ruled by racial ideologies and racial suppressions. Interestingly, the icon did not hip upon herself an iconic or a hero status in his artistic work. On the contrary, she presented herself as a humble person with a duty to ensure her country men (especially with regard to the descendants of the black immigrants) would find a better place under the sun through her endless efforts. Her humbleness and simplicity was, therefore, a contradiction to the iconic and heroic role attributed to her after achieving her dreams. Boodram, Kim. Pat Bishop dies: Cultural icon collapses during meeting with Planning Minister. Trinidad Express, August 20, 2011. http://www.trinidadexpress.com/news/PAT_BISHOP_DIES-128137113.html. April 16,

Was ethnicity the cause of the Rwandan genocide Essay

Was ethnicity the cause of the Rwandan genocide - Essay Example This has not been possible owing to the fact that political stability has progressively been shaken by the shaky political regimes in many of the countries. Rwanda is a country that has deep marks of ethnic violence that was fuelled by political propaganda. The 1994 genocide was orchestrated by the rivalry of the country’s ethnic communities. The ‘Hutu’ and the ‘Tutsi’ ethnic rivalry, sparkled by the political regimes of that time flamed a historical genocide that is yet to heal, two decades down the line since it ended. The role of ruling any government in integrating a nation regardless of its diverse multi-ethnic groups is significant although this has hardly been witnessed in Africa’s political leadership. The leaders when elected are offered the power to construct or destroy and seemingly bringing down a state that has been built for years is quite a simple task. It only takes some propaganda from a ‘charismatic’ leader to provoke and incite one community against the other as seen in Rwanda (Burnell, Randall and Rakner, 2010: 100). One tactic that the colonisers used against their subjects was divide and rule. This involved disentangling and disintegrating the unity between the subjects so as to ensure they do not speak, act or respond in unison. Through this technique, the rulers would achieve a divided response that enabled them to enforce their regulations and command with relative ease. The same tactic, apparently, has been adopted by the commonly referred to as ‘post-colonisers’ who have used the diversity in ethnicity to their advantage. Self-gratification can best be achieved when citizens are incited against each other so that when they break into a fight, the leader’s interests are protected. Such selfish leaders would explore any division or crack in the society through which they can blackmail and sabotage just ways replacing them with deceptions and propagandas in a bid to

Investigate Challenges in the Classroom (3) Coursework

Investigate Challenges in the Classroom (3) - Coursework Example The problem of multilingual classes especially has risen in the last decade because of intensive emigrational rates. Thus kids whose home language is not English have started filling kindergarten classes. The very first question that has become actual is how to reform class curriculum and methodic of education in order to provide the ESL (English Second Language) students with the same social and academic level as English native speakers get. Although, elementary school teachers claim that before getting to academic English and more professional levels of education in multilingual classes they first face the problem of misunderstanding of regular English and disability of students to speak normally even basic everyday English (Spycher 2009). Thus the problem becomes even more complicated: how to translate and teach foreign ESL kids English language so that it would be possible to move on to more academic education? Also, studies on two Puerto Rican kindergarteners revealed that often the educational result that kids get at kindergarten gets erased when the kids get involved into their natural cultural environment at home (Volk 1997). Because it turns out that every day teachers should remind the kids what they have learned yesterday. The reason for this is that often parents either don’t want to maintain American education for some reasons or simply can’t help their children with learning, for instance, English language, because they are lack of knowledge. Moreover, there are situations when parents are against American education because they believe it ruins their kids’ national identity (Volk 1997 p.25). Some teachers from Bright Futures prekindergarten in rural Peoria County, Illinois found out that the problem of understanding English is secondary because the main thing in multicultural and multilingual classes is to teach children how to be loyal to different cultures,

Racism in basketball between china and USA Research Paper

Racism in basketball between china and USA - Research Paper Example In 2011, the United States Vice President Joe Biden made a  trip to Beijing China, and on the second day of his visit, there was a friendly basketball match. That was between the United States Georgetown Hoyas team and China’s Army-affiliated Bayi Rockets team. However, the basketball match did not turn out to be so much friendly eventually because each of the teams began engaging in hostile pushing and yelling. It persisted until one Chinese basketball player hurt in the abdomen shouted racist and offensive remarks at the Georgetown Hoyas coach, which made an eruption of both sides rising from their benches and crowding the basketball court.  The scuffle rapidly evolved into a very rough brawl between the United States and Chinese players. The chaotic fracas lasted for a few minutes while the referees watched on, and the basketball players stomped on each other and threw chairs towards one another. In addition to this, the audience tossed full water bottles and other wast e at the basketball court to add salt to the injury. Eventually, the Georgetown Hoyas’ coach called off his team from the basketball court, and the match was ruled a tie between the two teams (Stone, 2011). Reactions to the skirmish among the Chinese people were torn between humiliation and conceit because of racism. To a majority of the Chinese people, the incident tarnished the ambiance of hospitality that China had been trying to exhibit while the United States Vice President was in the country. It was indeed embarrassing to the Chinese people and a major loss of face for them. Several people who watched the scuffle between China and the United States called the Chinese players hooligans with poor basketball techniques, and even poorer character. However, some people applauded the Chinese players’ belligerence as bravery toppled with statements of racism. It involved the people saying that

Assessment and Learner Essay Example for Free

Assessment and Learner Essay * It is important to understand and identify any particular needs the learner may have so they are able to learn to the best of their ability and get the most out of the qualification. Ensuring they receive the best quality learning can help them achieve their best. * Keeping track of what the learner has learnt is important so there is no repetition and they are learning new topics all the time. This will also contribute to how well the learner takes on new information and what they get from that. * Summative assessment is important to make sure the learner understands what is being taught and they understand any learning outcomes. 1. 2 * Assessments used as a process of making judgements are very important as they help us measure where the learner is at in a number of different ways. These can help us as assessors ensure out learners are learning at the right stage and to the right criteria. * Validity – the state or quality of being valid. To question the validity of the argument. (dictionary. com) it can also mean Validity in assessment refers to measuring what it says it is measuring, be it knowledge, understanding, subject content, skills, information, behaviours, etc. see more:identify ways of supporting an individual to make informed choices (http://www. saqa.org. za/docs/critguide/assessment/ch03. pdf) * Reliability – the ability to be relied on or depended on as for accuracy, honesty or achievement. (dictionary. com) it can also mean Reliability in assessment is about consistency. Consistency refers to the same judgements being made in the same, or similar contexts each time a particular assessment for specified stated intentions is administered. (http://www. saqa. org. za/docs/critguide/assessment/ch03. pdf) * Having the learner gather evidence can help in the decision making for the assessor in many different ways. One of which is to ensure the learner is doing the work and is kept up to date. * Evidence being authentic, current and sufficient is important for the learner to get the best from the course and to ensure they are completing their own work and it is up to date with the relevant qualification. * It is important for everyone to get an equal chance of getting an objective and accurate assessment. This can help both the assessor and learner as they can be sure to promote fairness and objectiveness. * The importance of transparency for the learner. 1. 3. * Understanding and applying the standards and requirements is important as these are in place for the assessor and learner to gain the most from the qualification and to give them piece of mind that they are receiving the best education. * Planning ahead is important as understanding what stage the learner is at can help to prepare for the next meeting. This can also help the learner prepare too. * Communication of every aspect of the qualification is important as it can help the assessor and learner keeps track of progress and where they need to go next. * Carrying out assessments is important to keep track of the learner’s progress and to keep on track of how they are performing. This can also identify any needs/requirements the learner may have. * Comparing evidence can help to ensure the learner is meeting the set standards and also to ensure the set standards are of the best quality. * Making assessment decisions can help the learner move onto the next task or meet any needs the learner may have. * Recording assessments is important as it can help other verifiers check that the assessor is delivering the correct standards to the learner. * Providing feedback can help the learner understand what worked, what didn’t, where can they do better and how can they do that. 1. 4 * The general requirements for assessment’s need to be identified and acknowledged. This can be done by simple research and reading. * Understanding which documents and where to find them is important as these must be adhered to. This is also important for the assessor as they need to know how and what to asses. 2. 1 * Understanding different types of assessment methods is highly important. These assessment methods give you a wide range of results when looking at students and their work. Comparing these and discussing their pro’s and cons is also important to find out what is best for your particular student and what they are particularly studying. 3. 1 * Understanding how to plan an assessment can be easily done with the right amount of preparation. Ensuring you have all the right resources and equipment beforehand will help you and your student feel at ease. You must summarise key factors when planning to make sure you get the correct outcome. Some of the factors to include are which standards and criteria to look at, type and volume of evidence, choice of particular assessment method amongst others. Using this simple planning and preparation technique will give you and your student the best outcome. 3. 2 * Using a holistic approach can help you and your student get the most efficient and effective collection of evidence. This evidence may also be used in other units or work. Identifying how the learner integrates their knowledge and understanding is important as it helps you see how they put their research into practice and what they learn from it. All of the above can help your student get the most out of their particular qualification. 3. 3. * Applying holistic assessment is important as you need a variety of required evidence to ensure your outcomes are met. This is important when you are planning an assessment so you can get the correct information to make sure the student is learning and practicing the right knowledge and understanding. Holistic assessment is used to judge the overall picture in the assessment practice. Historically NVQ assessments where carried out unit by unit . An Holistic assessment is more efficient because an assessor can capture multiple criteria outcomes and not just focus on one element . 3. 4 * There are many risks involved when thinking about doing an assessment. These must be looked at to ensure the assessment runs smoothly. Some of these risks include; Health and Safety, unnecessary stress on the learner and potential for unfairness to the learner amongst others. These must be avoided to ensure the learner gets a fair assessment and the assessor gets the right results. If these are not adhered to the learner may feel uncomfortable and the assessment will not be accurate. 3. 5 * Minimizing risks must be thought about while planning the assessment. How to do this can be done by visiting where the assessment will take place, speaking to the learner and the employer. 4. 1 * Involving others in assessments can help both the learner and the assessor. This can help in a number of ways including; putting knowledge into practice; the learner can show how their reading and research can be used in practice. The learner can also show how they understand what they are being assessed on and how they understand the criteria is marked. 4. 2 * Any information and resources should be available to the learner to help them understand what is of expected of them and how the assessor should behave. This will also help the learner understand the criteria that will be looked at, any arrangements that need to be made, how feedback will be given and the use of any assessment outcomes and records. These being available to the learner can help them prepare for the assessment and perform to the best of their ability. 4. 3 * Peer and self-assessment can be used to help the learner look at what they have done, what worked, what didn’t, what can they do to improve and how they can improve it. This is a very useful tool as learners are most critical of themselves. Learners can also learn from each other and what they do. 4. 4 * Meeting needs is highly important to ensure learners are all treated fairly. Any arrangements can be made easily by contacting the employer or speaking with the learner beforehand. 5. 1 * Making assessment decisions is very important. Understanding them is even more important as there are factors about the learners work that need to be assessed and the assessor needs to make sure the work is true. Making sure the learners work is valid, current, authentic and sufficient can be done by ensuring you follow guidelines given, by carrying out assessments and by having witness statements of the work carried out. 5. 2 * making sure any assessment decisions made are fair, reliable, valid and in accordance with specified criteria is important so the assessor and learner understands what is expected of them and that they are doing the right things. 6. 1 * Standardisation meeting Ensure consistency and fair assessment. To maintain quality of assessment procedure To ensure assessors are consistent To gain up to date knowledge of quality and what is new in assessment Unit 302 6. 3. * If a learner has a dispute with your assessment decision, they have a right to appeal against that decision and you need to let your learner know the name of the Centre Co-Coordinator Stacey Prendergrast 7. 1 * Assessment Data will be stored on NLA data base and learner assessment plans will be on going throughout the qualification 7. 2 * Assessment plans with each learner, praise and feedback when a learner has achieved a unit and it gives your learner motivation 8. 1 * This is related to data protection and securing learners details which are all in place at NLA, like data of birth , national insurance numbers etc 8. 2 * Include how current technology benefits the assessment process ie carrying out a professional discussion and recording it on mp3 validates the assessment or video evidence captures live observations 8. 3 * How can you manage equality in assessment and what barriers might you come across with race, culture religion 8. 4 * It is best practice to reflect on your own assessment process, what have you learned so far through your research, what you would like to introduce, tell me about your appraisal and your professional development.

There Are Serious Concerns Over Food Waste Environmental Sciences Essay

There Are Serious Concerns Over Food Waste Environmental Sciences Essay Food waste is a serious environmental, social and economic concern not only to United Kingdom but also to the whole world. Even though Food waste was recognized as a considerable problem, it was not identified as a serious concern to the environment till recently. Among environmentally significant activities, the production, trade, and consumption of food products have been identified as crucial contributors to numerous environmental problems One of the greatest threats of the century is Global Warming and Climate change. The need of the hour is to effectively tackle the climate change issue and GHG emission. According to Waste and resources action program (WRAP), about 20% of climate change emissions are related to the production, processing, transportation and storage of food. Agriculture contributes significantly to GHG emissions The domestic household in uk produces around 8,300,000 tons of food waste and is the single largest producer of food waste. Local authorities spend 1 billion pound a year disposing food waste. The foods we throw out to the landfill gets broken down to carbon dioxide and methane gas (green house gases) and are the prime reasons for global warming. If UK has to meet the international targets  on climate change and GHG emissions, it is important to reduce the amount of food waste going to the landfill. Spaces for land filling of wastes are rapidly diminishing, alongside European Union legislation that demands large amounts of waste be diverted from landfill over the next 15 years* Food waste puts a large burden on the finances of each household and  local councils in the UK; Local authorities spend 1 billion pound a year disposing food waste. Wasted food is estimated to cost each British household  £250- £400 per year,  accumulating to  £15,000- £24,000 over a lifetime.. Objectives and Methadology Love Food Hate Waste is a social campaign, launched by WRAP, in 2007,with the aim of reducing the amount of food waste in UK. The campaign is focused on raising consumer awareness about the various problems caused by food waste. WRAP calculated that preventing good food going to waste could reduce the annual emission of carbon dioxide by 18 million tones, the same effect as taking one in 5 cars off the road. Love Food Hate Waste campaign is supported by the government and is backed by celebrity chefs. Love food Hate waste also has a website which provides practical advice and tips on how to use most of the food they buy. The objective of the campaign is to raise awareness of easy, practical, everyday ways that households can reduce food waste. Everyone including local authorities, community groups, retailers, food manufactures and consumers are part of this campaign. For example, Resource Futures recruited and managed two embedded Outreach Workers to support the North London Waste Authoritys, WRAP funded, Love Food Hate Waste campaign. During the seven month period, the Outreach Workers organized and delivered over sixty road shows in supermarkets, businesses, libraries and at community groups, across NLWAs seven constituent boroughs, to engage more than 3,500 people with the campaign. It focuses on consumers strong desire to reduce wastefulness by sending positive messages about the rewards and benefits that can be achieved through specific behavioral change. The campaign benefits the consumer and the environment by reducing budgets and minimizing land fill and carbon emissions. Some of the methods which can be used to reduce waste in an house hold are: Reduce your proportion size: Love Food Hate Waste website has a tool to help you calculate appropriate portion sizes. The portion planner removes the guesswork by suggesting how much to cook, depending on whos coming for dinner, and ways to measure it Plan ahead: By planning the meal for a week and by shopping accordingly can save you a lot of money and prevents good food going to the waste bin. Tips on storage: Gives you easy tips on how to store things and encourage you to make effective use of fridge and freezers if necessary. Special Recipes: which makes use of use of all the odds and ends that invariably get leftover from previous meals or forgotten in the fruit bowl or the back of the fridge If nothing above works, recycling can be done. Composting is one good option. Only Those waste which nothing can be done is dumped in to landfill The Love food Hate waste Organize Door stepping campaigns providing information packs and Advice, targeted at reducing household waste. They also organize road shows, surveys and do advertising through radio and printed Medias. It owns a website love food hate waste.com where you can find many useful tips to reduce food waste. Analysis of the Sustainable Consumption approach One of the main cause for environmental degradation is the over consumption by the developed countries and a switch towards sustainable consumption pattern is very essential. The definition proposed by the 1994 Oslo Symposium on Sustainable Consumption defines it as the use of services and related products which respond to basic needs and bring a better quality of life while minimizing the use of natural resources and toxic materials as well as emissions of waste and pollutants over the life cycle of the service or product so as not to jeopardise the needs of future generations.  The two approaches towards sustainable consumption are the Main Stream approach and an alternative New Economics approach. The strategy of UK government in 2003 was continuous economic growth and social progress that respects the limits of earths eco systems to have a better quality of life. The concept of mainstream approach is of a strong stable and sustainable economy and include initiatives like   initiatives for product labeling, consumer education and environmental taxation. mainstream economics is deeply embedded in modernitys vision of progress and growth. The critics of this approach claims that this method is quite ineffective and doesnt address the fundamental problem of consumption. Based on several factors on the environment and society, the critics of main stream model proposed a new model collectively known as New Economics. They argue that economics cannot be separated from its understructures in environmental and social contexts. The Love food hate waste is one such campaign which follows the alternative approach of sustainable consumption. The diagram below shows how the campaigns approach towards sustainable consumption. ECO-EFFICIENCY more productive use of materials and energy Green growth Efficiency INCREASED . PRODUCT LIFE SPANS Sustainable Consumption Sufficiency SLOW CONSUMPTION reduced throughput of products and services Recession The campaign aims to reduce the amount of waste by consuming less by reducing your portion size and shopping less. In other words sufficiency is achieved by reduced consumption of products. The approach also defines green economics which means to increase the efficiency by more productive use of materials and energy. The model defines efficiency and sufficiency as the key towards sustainable consumption. The greater focus on sufficiency alone may lead to economic instability on a wider focus. Increased product life spans, may enable such problems to be overcome by providing for both efficiency and sufficiency. The efficiency can be increased by using the left overs and reusing and recycling. Theories Linked to LFHW Campaign. LFHW is basically a social marketing campaign aiming for a behavioral change by consuming more sensibly and thereby producing less waste. To understand the theories it is important to understand the driving forces to the same. Some of the forces influenced are: Knowledge, information, fashions beliefs (education, media, marketing) Price / affordabilit Tastes and Habits Demographic changes: ageing population, single person society, wealth Culture, social family expectations, norms, aspirations Availability Time and Season The campaign does its focus on the utilitarian theory and more importantly on social and psychological theories. The campaign targets the people who behave unsustainable because they lack information and help them to overcome the problems by rendering information to the needy. The utilitarian approach says that consumers seek to spend money on goods which gives greatest satisfaction or in other words consumers behave as utility maximizers. The LFHW campaign helps and encourage in cognitive thinking before you shop. It spread the importance of prior planning before shopping. By planning your meals for the whole week, you know what to buy and from where to buy. In the present scenario, people get tempted and buy things with offers like buy 1 get 1 free, even though they really dont need that. Its found that one in every 3 shopping bags goes directly to the waste bin. The campaign educates people how the value of food can be increased if the left over can be used to make new dishes. Human behavior is formed and routinized by social structure Apart from the conventionally acknowledged constraints like price and information, campaign also negotiates social, psychological and structural constraints. LFHW organizes public campaigns with celebrity chefs and attracts the whole society for a behavioral change. As a social marketing campaign, the main themes of the campaign are 4Es (Engage, Encourage, Enable and Exemplify). Engaging consumers and households to rethink their behavior is one of the main ways in which waste prevention can be progressed. Enabling households to take action or overcome barriers, through the provision of services like reduce reuse and recycling. Policy measures -Encouraging households to rethink their behavior so as to reduce their waste generation. The most frequently applied suite or package of waste prevention policy measures Appears to include most or all of the following activities. Collaboration between public, private and third sectors. Producer and responsibility. Variable rate charging (pay as you throw) systems (generally applied to householders residual waste). Public sector funding for pilot projects. Exemplified by means of monitoring and evaluation; Measuring and evaluation of waste prevention is challenging. The data collected should be true and of high quality. Some of the methods adopted are self-weighing Surveys done before and after the campaign, focusing on attitudes and behaviours and/or on participation rates Tracking the amount of waste from collection data and/or compositional nalysis estimation/modelling. Strength and weakness of Love food hate waste campaign Love food hate waste campaign claims that it has already prevented 1,37000 tonnes of waste goin to waste bin and   have helped close on two million households reduce their food waste, amounting to savings of almost  £300 million. A persons willingness to change along with action and appropriate policies from the local authorities is essential to bring a social change. The campaign is funded and supported by the governmentand almost every county council has given its support to the campaign. Retailers and food manufacturers also support to reduce food waste and they are the official sponsors of the campaign. Unlike Other campaigns, consumer is also economically benefited and hence more people are willing take part in the campaign. It also helps in reducing the so called Value Action Gap. The campaign is both focused at individual and social aspects and hence is more effective. a large body of studies asserts that personal factors are necessary and essential to foster behavioral changes, even though the correspondence between attitudinal variables and behavior is often moderate {reference*(2} The website lovefoodhatewaste.com gives you a lot of information and makes it easily accessible at any point of time. A lot of people gives their experience and valuable opinion which encourage other people to minimize waste. Some of the weaknesses of the campaign are: The campaign is too focused on using left overs and freezing, whereas shopping storage and portion control are effective strategies. The campaign deals with utilitarian concept and socio-psychological theories where as doesnt consider Infrastructure of provision approach. The campaign doesnt focus on the production part of food. food that goes to waste during Production and distribution accounts for 5 percentage of the GHG emissions. Globally 15-50% of food produced is wasted post harvest and no action is taken prevent those waste. The campaign is more concentrated on the food after consumption and doesnt look in to the broader aspects of food. Food has different utility and meanings when it comes to Entertainment, pleasure satisfaction, love status, comfort, time pass, bribery, religious significance, social glue, power, habbit, need, guilt, culture and so on. The amount of waste generated differs for each case and no effort has been taken to realy understand this complex system. Oxfordshire council-tax payers have saved over  £50,000 in waste disposal costs by throwing away less food since Oxfordshire Waste Partnership (OWP) launched its Love Food Hate Waste campaign last March Love Food Hate waste Campaign is still in its early stage and has long way to go. The measurement of success of the campaign can be found by looking the amount of waste reduced as a result of this campaign. In the very first year, the campaign is successful in reducing 1,37000 tones of household waste. The initial statistics of the campaign sounds too intresting and shows how successful it has been. The campaign is successful in attaining attention of the large public. Even though the results are impressive, when compared to the true scale of the problem, it is just a mere drop in the ocean. To address the big issue like climate change we need to do a lot more to reduce the amount of waste produced. Some of the limitations are Lack of interest of certain individuals can be setback to the campaign. Some people consider that the protection of environment is governments job and are not concerned about the same. Some people think that their contribution is just marginal and hence dont do anything. Reduction of waste is moreover a private thing and since its not public there is no social pressure to do it. The lack of strong policies is certainly a limitation to the campaign Measuring and monitoring is a tough task to perform. The reliability on survey is questioned. Conclusion The sustainable consumption doesnt always means consuming less but It certainly should in the case of developed countries and in underdeveloped countries sustainable consumption means consuming more. Thus the aim of sustainable consumption is a high quality of life for every one- brought about by everyone consuming in ways that reduce the impacts of production and consumption. (UNESCO) Some of the challenges in achieving sustainable consumption are: Reccomendations The amount of waste produced by the supermarkets should be controlled and policy should be made to publish the waste generated by the supermarkets. The Whole concept of supermarket should change. The people should make some list for shopping and hand it over to the shopkeeper/salesman so that he will hand over the things you need. By doing so you wont be tempted by the offers like buy one get one free. The online shopping should be encouraged by avoiding tax. Refrigerant leakage accounts for 30 percentage of supermarkets direct GGHG emissions.( Environment investigation agency 2010). There should be some measure to control this pollution. Government should make strong policies and should introduce certain limits to the amount of waste that can be produced by each house. The threshold can be based on the total number of people living in the house. The waste above threshold limit should be fined. à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦ http://apps.oxfordshire.gov.uk 2) Promoting sustainable consumption: Determinants of green purchases by Swiss consumers Carmen Tanner1,*,   Sybille Wà ¶lfing Kast2 Article first published online: 12 SEP 2003 DOI:  10.1002/mar.10101

Creatine in Athletes Essay -- Biology Essays Research Papers

Creatine in Athletes As more and more people are playing professional, collegiate and high school sports each year (Debate), the competition for playing time has become more heated. Most male athletes in any sports these days are looking for any sort of edge that they can get over the people who are fighting for the same spot they are. These battles for playing time become so heated that these kids are willing to try just about anything to win. Most kids are not willing to try anything illegal like steroids, but something very similar to steroids is a supplement called creatine. Creatine is now the most widely used supplement in athletics today (Debate). The sport that creatine is most commonly used in at any level is football. The reason for this is because creatine is most effective when the muscles are used for a short 6 seconds, then a long 45 second rest. The time period of using muscles for 6 seconds and then resting for 45 seconds is closely related to a football game where the players run a play, then get to rest until the next play is called. At the professional level of football, most teams are allowed to take creatine, but some teams are have banned the use of it because no one know the long term effects yet (Actions and Effects). Creatine has become so widely used because of its endorsers. Shannon Sharpe, who played for the Denver Broncos and the Baltimore Ravens, is paid advertiser and endorser. Sharpe claims that creatine has played a big part in his success no matter what anyone else says. "I don't care if you get five PhD's, I don't care if you get seven strength and conditioning coaches to tell me otherwise," Sharpe told ESPN. "I believe it works for me." Shannon Sharpe is not the only football playe... ...re battling for playing time in sports, the more desperate the athletics will get to win that spot. When athletes get desperate, they are willing to try anything that might help their chances of playing (Debate). Works Cited â€Å"Actions and Effects of Creatine.† 2003. CourseworkBank.co.uk. 5 October 2004. <http://www.courseworkbank.co.uk/coursework/actions_effects_creatine_2931/>. â€Å"Creatine Supplements.† 2002. Your Orthopedic Connection. 6 October 2004. <http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/fact/thr_report.cfm?Thread_ID=325&topcategory=Spor ts%20%2F%20Exercise>. â€Å"Debate Surrounds Use of Muscle Supplement Creatine.† 2004. Web MD Health. 4 October 2004. <http://my.webmd.com/content/article/17/1676_50201.htm>. Martinez, Mark. â€Å"Creatine a Bigger Body.† 2004. The College Student Site.Com. 5 October 2004. <http://articles.student.com/article/creatine>.

Symbolic Speech Should Be Protected -- mh

Why Symbolic Speech Should Be Protected 1. The measure of a great society is the ability of its citizens to tolerate the viewpoints of those with whom they disagree. As Voltaire once said, â€Å"I may disagree with what you have to say, but I will defend to the death your right to say it† (Columbia). This right to express one's opinion can be characterized as â€Å"freedom of speech.† The concept of â€Å"freedom of speech† is a Constitutional right in the United States, guaranteed under the First Amendment to the Constitution: â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances† (U.S. Constitution). Because it is a Constitutional right, the concept of freedom of speech is hardly ever questioned. â€Å"On its most basic level [freedom of speech] means you can express an opinion without fear of censorship by the government, even if that opinion is an unpopular one† (Landmark Cases). However, the actions of Americans that are included under â€Å"free speech,† are often questioned. Many people support the theory of â€Å"free speech,† but may oppose particular practices of free speech that personally offend them. This hypocrisy is illustrated by the case of Neo-Nazis whose right to march in Skokie, Illinois in 1979 was protested by many, but ultimately successfully defended by the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). The residents of this predominantly Jewish town which contained many Holocaust survivors were offended by the presence of the Neo-Nazis. However, then ACLU Executive Director Aryeh Neier, who... ...sday . 27 February 2003. Pedulla, Tom. â€Å"Spurning anthem creates rancor.† USA Today. â€Å"Texas v. Johnson.† (1989). â€Å"Landmark Supreme Court Cases.† â€Å"Thomas Search Engine.† Library of Congress. â€Å"Tinker v. Des Moines.† (1969). Landmark Supreme Court Cases. â€Å"United States v. O'Brien.† (1968). â€Å"U.S. Constitution.†

Effects of Sexual Abuse on Children Essay -- Psychology

A Brief Study of Sexual Abuse of Children and it's Causes and Effects Sexual abuse of children and infants is sadly as universal and old as the human race itself. But it is only in recent years that much more attention has been paid to the pervasive instance of sexual abuse among children, the majority of which occurs in the family setting. Pedophiles usually manifest signs that are readily identified. Common signs are: repetitive conversations about the sexual activities of children or teens, and excessive masturbation to include breaking from normal daily activities to masturbate. The pedophile has a childhood history of sexual abuse and has unresolved sexual problems stemming from this history. Hobbies centering around the collection of child pornography and sexual arousal when engaging in this hobby is a sign of a sexual perpetrator. Sexual abusers generally have a sense of frustration and anger released through the abuse of children. Pedophiles lack the ability to approach appropriate sexual partners, thus they seek out children to find a sexual release. As can be seen, emotional immaturity is a factor in a pedophile personality. Social inadequacy runs in juxtaposition with emotional immaturity. Additionally pedophiles enjoy the ability of control, and the sense of power they have over their victims. They feel as if they have no control over their own lives and so they take advantage of children in an attempt to achieve that sense of power. Statistics of child sexual abuse are highly controversial due to the fact that reporting and compilation of this information is incomplete and cannot be fully controlled. But from the information that can be gathered it is evident that there is extreme truth that sexual abus... ...re strong indications that environmental factors do play an important role. Children who are raised in an abusive environment, as adults create an abusive situation that their children "environmentally" inherit, and the cycle goes on and on. As is evident, child molestation is a commonly occurring abuse when it needn't be. If parents, siblings, teachers, religious leader, and society as a whole made an attempt to observe the physical and behavioral tendencies in children, abuse can be more readily perceived and therefore eradicated. Society must not blame the victim, but must punish the perpetrators and make an effort to rehabilitate them before allowing them to form an abusive situation yet again. Sexual abuse in children is a widely growing problem which needs our attention. We need to act now before more children are subjected to these unmotivated attacks.

Compare Contrast Greek and Roman Art

Compare Contrast Greek And Roman Art And Architecture Compare/Contrast Greek and Roman Art and Architecture Since the onset of Greek and Roman civilizations centuries ago we have seen the art and architectural worlds evolve into what we know them as today. In fact, many of the ancient Greek styles were duplicated by the Romans and modified to suit their needs. We can still see a lot of Greek and Roman influences in the present day, especially in the architectural world. Below I will cite some examples of Greek and Roman pieces of art and a structure from each culture and detail some similarities as well as some contrasting values.I’d like to begin by comparing some pieces of art. In The Fallen Warrior (Greece) and The Dying Gaul (Roman copy) both clearly represent a tragic event. Both subjects are leaning on the ground and seem to be dying but the reality of the event is more evident in the Gaul sculpture. The wound is clearly visible and the anguish of the subject is captured in his poise. Conversely the subject of the Warrior piece looks rather content and shows no visible injury. Both works are roughly the same size and represent a relatively perfect human structure with attention to muscular detail as well as an idealization of the human body.However, the Warrior sculpture shows less optical fact and more stylization as far as the eyes, mouth and beard are concerned when compared to the almost true to nature elements of the Gaul piece. This shows how some of the Greek foundation was carried along but modified by the Romans. In The Three Goddesses (Greece) and Marcus Aurelius on Horseback (Rome) there are many similarities. Each shows fine attention to the cloaks worn by the subjects as well as weight distribution and, if all limbs were present on the Three Goddesses, implied motion.But in the Aurelius sculpture there is a shift from strictly human subjects to the addition of a horse. The Romans did this as part of their love of realism along with the ir later concern for psychologically penetrating portraits. Moving along to architecture I’d like to compare the Parthenon (Greece) and the Pantheon (Rome). Upon looking at each structure you would immediately notice the use of columns. Albeit the Parthenon’s main weight-bearing elements are the columns whereas the columns used on the Pantheon are more aesthetic than functional. Each of these structures also makes use of a portico that originated in the Greek culture.Both structures are immense places of worship to the gods. The Parthenon was created for the goddess Athena but over the centuries it changed through a series of hands finally ending up as an ammunition dump for the Turks during a seventeenth century war with the Venetians. The Venetians bombed the building leaving most of it in ruins. The Pantheon was created as a house for sculptures of Roman gods. Enough care was taken throughout the centuries that this structure is still being used for religious functi ons today. The Parthenon was a more simplistic and ancient looking design where the Pantheon took on a whole new era.The dome came into play along with the many ornamental features seen on the inside as well as the outside of the Pantheon. The interior contains marble slabs and granite columns. These are accentuated when the sun shifts locations through the oculus in the center of the dome. These features reaffirm the fact that the Greek culture was to the point as far as balance of mind and body. They created their work meticulously but didn’t overdo it. Their buildings were functional but not overworked. The Roman culture took it to the next level with their architectural innovations as well as their emphasis on beauty.

Heroism Definition Essay Essay

When asked to describe what a hero is, more often than not people would use movie characters such as The Amazing Spider ­Man, Superman, Batman, or Captain America to provide examples of what best reflects the character traits of a hero. By definition, a hero is a person who is admired or idealized for courage, outstanding achievements, or noble qualities. This being said, these movie characters are very good examples of a hero. However, heroes can also be found among everyday people such as you and me. Being a hero involves risk and it is initiated without the expectation of any material gain. In the book Grendel by John Gardner, Beowulf is the ultimate hero to the Geats because he is selfless in character and goes out of the way to serve the needs of others. The ultimate hero is a person who leads by example and puts the needs of others before his or hers, no matter the cost. The most heroic person in my life is my mother. She does not give me everything in the world, but she gives me what I need and that is enough. She leads by example and has taught me how to be content with who I am and the things that I have, and to make the most of each opportunity I am given. Without her guiding me throughout my life, I fear that I would be helpless and would not truly value the gift of life.

Abolish Columbus Day

Columbus Day has regarded Christopher Columbus as a hero for his â€Å"discovery† of America. In parts of America there are big Columbus Day celebrations and parades; even the schools are closed so the children may experience the festivities. The fact of the matter is that Columbus Day does not celebrate the actual â€Å"accomplishments† of Columbus, but celebrates the PG story of Columbus that school teachers would tell elementary school children in the form of a rhyme or song.The celebration of Columbus Day glorifies the colonial conquest, enslavement, and murder of indigenous people by Europeans and should be wiped off the books of American national holidays because Christopher Columbus is not a great Italian explorer who discovered America and Columbus’ exploration led the massive genocide of the indigenous people. All throughout America, Italian-American people celebrate Christopher Columbus as one of the great Italian heroes.In reality, Columbus was not eve n Italian but Genoese, which is a person born in Genoa. Italy did not become a country until 1861 which is 355 years after Columbus died. While Columbus was alive he did not go on his famous trip across the Atlantic Ocean sponsored by Genoa but instead sponsored by Spain. Christopher Columbus set out on his exploration to find a faster trade route to Asia and so traveled East thinking that would have been a faster way; obviously this is not true.In Howard Zinn’s essay, Columbus, The Indians, and Human Progress, the writer states that Columbus would have never made it to Asia and, â€Å"One-fourth of the way there he came upon an unknown, uncharted land†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (Zinn). If Columbus was the great explorer that Columbus Day portrays him as, then he would have at least realized that the land he discovered was not Asia but instead America. When Columbus died, he thought that he went to Asia even though an acquaintance of his, Amerigo Vespucci, had already realized that the l and Columbus went to was not Asia but the New World.Besides the fact that Columbus was not even close to getting to Asia, he did not â€Å"discover† America, but instead he informed Europe of the existence of the landmass. The land was already inhabited by millions of Amerindian that had been living in America for thousands of years. The Order of the Sons of Italy in America argue in their article, Columbus: Fact or Fiction, that Columbus did discover America by saying, â€Å"Even if others visited the continent sporadically before he did, their voyages had no historical ignificance. † The OSIA meant that even if anyone visited the New Land before Columbus; since their discovery did not have any grand importance or documentation that the other explorer’s discoveries do not matter. Even though Columbus never took credit for discovering America because he thought he was in Asia the whole time, Americans of today blindly give him the grand title of the â€Å"disco verer of America† when he actually just brought the land into the minds of the people of Europe.When Columbus first arrived in the New World, there were more than eight million American Indian (Taino) living in the area where Columbus landed which was the Bahamas. Columbus did not see the Taino as a civilization of people but as stated in Zinn’s article Columbus wrote in his journal that, â€Å"†¦They would make fine servants†¦Ã¢â‚¬ (Columbus quoted in Zinn). With that Columbus began his subjugation of the Taino because he wanted gold that no one else was sure existed in the abundance that Columbus believed.The Admiral’s presence and interference with the Taino’s daily lives caused disputes and separation of the Taino tribes as well as the destruction their lands which helped lead to their downfall. Juliet Ucelli argued in her article, Italian-Americans: Say Basta to Columbus, about how she did not want the Italian people to be like Columbus in the way that he would, â€Å"†¦go into other people’s lands, take them over, and exploit labor and resources. † This exploitation leads Columbus to build mines in which he forced the Taino to arduous physical labor, which killed millions.If a native man did not bring in enough gold at the end of the month, Columbus would have the laborer’s hands cut off which caused massive blood loss and ultimately death. Mothers would drown their children because they had no way of feeding them and did not want their child to grow up in such conditions. In the essay â€Å"Thief, Slave Trader, Murderer: Christopher Columbus and Caribbean Population Decline† Mark Freeland and Tink Tinker, the authors, indicate that, â€Å"†¦Colon presided over the deaths of some seven and a half million people. † By the end of Columbus’ voyage he killed almost all of the indigenous people.By the time Columbus was carried away in chains, only 500,000 of the origina l 8 million Taino’s were left, and those were wiped out by the rest of the European explorers who were inspired by Columbus. A lot of Americans celebrate Columbus Day without ever knowing the true facts of what actually went on during his exploration. Nowadays more people have learned the truth about Christopher Columbus and started to protest the day dedicated to his wrongdoings. Columbus Day should be abolished and replaced because of the acts of genocide and the overall sense that Columbus was not a great explorer.Works Cited Freeland, Mark, and Tink Tinker. â€Å"Thief, slave trader, murderer: Christopher Columbus and Caribbean population decline. † Wicazo Sa Review 23. 1 (2008): 25+. General OneFile. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. Order of the Sons of in America, Columbus: Fact vs. Fiction. (2005): n. page. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. Ucelli, Juliet. â€Å"Italian-Americans: Say Basta to Columbus. † (2012): n. page. Web. 28 Oct. 2012. Zinn, Howard. â€Å"Columbus, The Indians, and Human Progress† People’s History of the United States. (2012): n. page. Web. 28 Oct. 2012.

Cheat Sheet Finance

* Sole proprietorships and partnership are subject to less regulations, easy and less expensive, no corporate inc tax. * Corporation easy to raise capital, transfer of ownership,limited liability ,unlimited life. * The conflicts between bondholders and stockholders can be reduced with the use of restrictive bond covenants. * Stockholders are more likely to prefer riskier projects, because they receive more of the upside if the project succeeds. * By contrast, bondholders receiving fixed payments are more interested in limiting risk. Bondholders are particularly concerned about the use of additional debt * Bondholders attempt to protect themselves by including covenants in bond agreements that limit the use of additional debt and constrain manager. * new shares of stock are being issued, this is a primary market transaction. * no new shares are created, this is a secondary market transaction * An initial public offering (IPO) is where a company issues stock in the public market for ? the first time. Its primary market. * Highly Inefficient:Small companies not followed by many analysts.Not much contact with investors. * Highly Efficient:large companies followed by many analysts. Good communications with investors. * Hedge funds have traditionally been unregulated. * derivatives can be used either to reduce risks or to speculate. * a larger bid-ask spread means the dealer will realize a higher profit. * Compensating managers with stock options can help reduce conflicts of interest between stockholders and managers, but if the options are all exercisable on a specific date in the near future, this can motivate managers to deceive stockholders. A stock is considered overvalued if its intrinsic value is smaller than its market value. * The income statement shows us the firm’s financial situation over a period of time. * Last year, Blanda Brothers had positive cash flow from operation; however, cash on its balance sheet decreased. which explain this? Answ:The c ompany purchased a lot of new fixed assets. * Company A and Company B have the same total assets, Return on Assets (ROA), and profit margin. However, Company A has higher debt ratio and interest expense than Company B. Which of the following statements is most correct?Company A has a higher ROE than Company B. * Double taxation refers to the fact that corporate income is subject to an income tax, and then stockholders are subject to a further personal tax on dividends received. Ace Industries has $2. 0 million in current assets and $0. 75 million in current liabilities. Ace decides to raise funds as additional notes payable and use them to increase inventory. How much can Ace’s note payable increase without pushing its current ratio below 1. 8? $0. 8125 million. A new firm is developing its business plan.It will require $600,000 of assets, and it projects $435,000 of sales and $350,000 of operating costs for the first year. The firm is quite sure of these numbers because of c ontracts with its customers and suppliers. It can borrow at a rate of 7. 5%, but the bank requires it to have a TIE of at least 5. 0, and if the TIE falls below this level the bank will call in the loan and the firm will go bankrupt. What is the maximum debt ratio the firm can use? 37. 8% Last year, Candle Corp had $200,000 of assets, $300,000 of sales, $20,000 of net income, and a debt-to-total-assets ratio of 40%.The new CFO believes a new computer program will enable it to reduce costs and thus raise net income to $30,800. Assets, sales, and the debt ratio would not be affected. By how much would the cost reduction improve the ROE 9. 00%? You want to buy a condo 5 years from now, and you can save $3,000 per year, beginning immediately. You will make 5 deposits in an account that pays 6% interest. Under these assumptions, how much will you have 5 years from today? $17,925. 9 You want to borrow $40,000 to buy a new car. You can afford to make monthly payments of $850, but no more.A ssuming monthly compounding, what is the highest rate you can afford on a 60-month APR loan? 10% You want to buy a new sports car from City Toyota for $62,000. The contract is in the form of a 48-month annuity due at a 9% APR. What will your monthly payment be? $1531. 39 Can the Effective Rate ever be equal to the nominal rate? a) Â  Yes, but only if annual compounding is used, i. e. , if M = 1. Why is it important to consider effective rates of return? a) Â  Investments with different compounding intervals provide different effective returns.A bank is offering you a credit card with an APR of 16%, compounded monthly. What is the Effective Annual Rate (EAR)? 17. 23% One year ago, you took out a 10-year, $15,000, interest-only loan. The APR on the loan is 7% and payments are to be made annually. What is the mount of the loan payment that is due today? $1050 A local charity receives annual income of $30,000 from a trust fund established by a generous donor several years ago. The tru st fund earns a fixed annual return of 6%. How much did the donor contribute to establish this fund? $500,000

The Compensation and Benefits System of Holland Enterprises Research Paper

The Compensation and Benefits System of Holland Enterprises - Research Paper Example Compensation and benefits system do not only include the rewards and benefits given by the organization in monetary terms but non-monetary rewards like health insurance, vacation, sick leave etc are also included in it. Increasing the compensation and benefits could increase the motivation of employees but from the perspective of organization it could increase the cost and thus reduce the profitability, therefore, human resource department should come up with a system that ensures a healthy and constructive environment is built and maintained and at the same time profitability of the organization is not hurt. Compensation and benefits offered by the organizations should be evaluated and employees that give more efforts should be rewarded accordingly. There are more than 3,500 employees employed at Holland Enterprises. ...is an important aspect as better compensation helps in improving the productivity of the employees and as the productivity of the organization improves, it will help the company in generating more sales or increasing its revenues. There are two important aspects that the organization has to look while giving higher compensation and benefits to employees; the first one is that higher compensation helps in improving the sales of the company, however, the second aspect of increasing the compensation is that it increases the cost of the company and therefore it might not lead to improving the profitability (Spector, 2006). Human resource is the most important resource of any organization regardless of what kind of products or services the company offers, therefore, it is important to satisfy the needs of human resource and to provide them effective compensation and benefits so that they remain motivated as well as productive (Hurtz, & Donovan, 2000). It is important to provide employees market competitive salary so that they are able to retain employees. Holland Enterprises has lost a large number of employees since 2007 because of their compensati on and benefits system as the compensation offered by the company is unfair and the company does not reward the employees accordingly, therefore, several employees have resigned from Holland Enterprises. principle components of a typical compensation and benefits system There is no perfect compensation and benefits system that every organization can adapt. Compensation and benefits system has to change according to the specific situation and specific organizational culture.

Strategic Management Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 1

Strategic Management - Assignment Example king from both internal and external influences, explains strategies used by Davies in launching this new line, and proposes recommendations about whether this new launch can provide a return on the investment. The PEST Analysis, as part of environmental scanning, provides an opportunity to witness the different external conditions that influence decision-making. This model recognises political, economic, social and technological forces that will determine a firm’s adaptability to external trends. From the political view, Davies’ new business intends to launch 25 stores. Success domestically will determine whether to take this brand international and strategy could be impacted by different taxation or tariffs on imported products, cutting into the profit margin. Depending on the country where Davies might export his goods, political forces can determine speed of new market entry or regulate volume being delivered. The economic environment plays a considerable role in how a business develops strategy. Where this new line will be introduced, the UK, there is a current recession that impacts consumers at all different levels and market segments. In response to consumers slowing their purchases, especially in retail, high-end companies like Versace have stopped production on five different product lines in lower-priced ranges since they were not showing signs of profitability (Choi, 2009). Further, Tiffany closed its business focusing on Iridesse pearl jewelry to focus on diamonds due to sales slumps (Choi). This illustrates how the economic environment drives companies to streamline their product lines or enhance their sales focus on higher-profiting products. Spending patterns in consumer groups can strongly impact strategic direction, especially at the operational level like at Versace. Social trends, also external, impact how a company conducts business in a certain environment. A recent survey of citizens in Asia identified that Asians tend to worry about

Real estate law Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Real estate law - Coursework Example Secondly, there is a river that passes alongside the school that is river Wandle meaning that if a pool or residential and commercial buildings were to build in the area issues of water pollution have to be put into consideration. This is because the drainage systems would all be directed to the river causing pollution. The debris and the abandonment of the side have also caused land contamination meaning that something has to be done t o ensure that the land is restored. Lastly, there is the issue of green agenda where the school has to ensure that the facilities that are being built in school should be environmentally friendly. The major issue that should be addressed by the developers is ensuring that they do not infringe on the right to right of the individuals who have lived on the adjacent property for the past 20 years (Cox & Thompson, 2010 p. 45). A right to light is an easement that allows a landowner the right to receive or acquire light through definite apertures in buildings on his or her land. This is to say that the owner of the land that is troubled by the right cannot significantly interfere with it in instances where they want to erect a building in a manner that blocks the light without having the consent of the benefiting owner. This is because the right to light under Right to Light Act indicates that in case a person has lived in a certain property for a period of twenty years or more they should have control or should have the ability to prevent any developer or the development of a property( Mossberg, 2012.p 56). This is in cases where the construction of those properties would result to minimal loss of l light to the neighbors’ window. In the case of Grove Park Independent schools and the

Research Paper on Criminal Profiling Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

On Criminal Profiling - Research Paper Example This approach is used by professionals in the criminal justice system in identifying and capturing criminals. Often, criminal profiling is conducted by the forensic psychologists who provide criminal profile to the police departments to help in apprehending of the criminals (Kocsis, 2010). Statistical evidence, psychology, and crime scene analysis are combined in developing a personality type that fits well with the committed crime. Criminal profiling is in most cases used in helping investigators to apprehend serial killers and psychopaths who may otherwise go free (Canter, 2004). In addition, it helps in catching other types of offenders such as rapists and arsonists. The approach helps to label the offenders or perpetrators as disorganized, organized, or mixed. Criminal profiling is not only essential in finding potential offenders, but also in narrowing down the offenders’ list already compiled by the police (Devery, 2010). This paper will discuss criminal profiling by cri tiquing the foundations of criminal profiling and by comparing and contrasting inductive versus deductive profiling. 1) Critique the Foundations of Criminal Profiling Criminal profiling has proved to be an important tool in controlling of crime in recent years. Prior to the inception of criminal profiling, criminal investigators mainly relied on the physical evidence to identify and apprehend criminals (Holmes and Holmes, 2009). However, this changed after the inception of criminal profiling that provided advanced techniques in developing theories and compiling evidence based on the of patterns of criminal behavior, crime scene evidence, criminal’s socioeconomic background, motives of crime, and psychological aspects of violent crime (Alison et al, 2010). The foundations of criminal foundations since its inception aimed at detecting and classifying the major behavioral and personality characteristics of a person based on the crime analysis or the crimes that have been committ ed (Holmes and Holmes, 2009). The first foundation of criminal profiling is determining offender characteristics by using the process of assimilation phase where all the available information relating to crime scene, witnesses, and victim is examined. Police reports, autopsy reports, witness statements, victim profiles, and photographs of the crime scene are important aspects of this process (Kocsis, 2010). Criminal profiling is also founded on the principle of classification which involves integration of collected information into a framework that classifies the offender as organized, disorganized, or mixed. Organized offenders are those that plan their crimes, leave little forensic clues or evidence, exhibit advanced social skills, and display some element of control over the victim through the use of social skills (Canter, 2004). On the other hand, disorganized offender is the one that exhibit few social skills, has haphazard behavior, attempts to avoid detection, lack planning, impulsive, and the offenses committed are deemed opportunistic. Additionally, integration of information would classify the offender as mixed offender who exhibits some elements of organized and disorganized offenders (Alison et al, 2010). In addition to classification, criminal profiling is also founded on the notion that there is need for the reconstruction of the crime behavioral sequence. Following classification

Ford or Apple Code of Ethics- Business ethic paper Term

Ford or Apple Code of Ethics- Business ethic - Term Paper Example Chief Executive Ethical Statement As Chief Executive of Apple Inc., I believe that in order for the organization to survive and succeed, it must have a sound set of beliefs on which to base all its policies and actions. In addition, faithfulness to those beliefs is what will ensure corporate success, because it will influence our consumers as to our commitment to being socially responsible. Ferrell et al 2001), states that the globalization process brings individuals of different nations, who bring their cultures, their laws, their values, and different sets of moral and ethical standards to business situations, and to this Apple Inc is totally cognizant, and will utilize such diverse resources to constantly update its ethical code of conduct, to more meaningfully reflect high degrees of relevance to what obtains in the market (Ferrell, F. 2001). Finally, if the organization is going to meet the challenges of changing world market conditions, it must be prepared to reinvent itself co nstantly around those established beliefs (Hitt, W.D 1990) Apple Inc. Statement of Ethical Principle Apple shall commit itself to invest in the communication means for educating the company employees, business associates and shareholders, to enable them achieve their full potentials in terms of ethical behaviors. To this end it will endeavor to: - Step up its audit and training at all locations around the world. - Make every effort to train all new employees during the first three months of their employment and periodically afterwards (www.dept.ttu.edu/financialandforms/codeofconduct-1-p4f.). - Introduce new guidelines for ethical standards on dormitories, juvenile protection, medical non discriminations, pregnancy non-discrimination, and avoidance of involuntary labors, wages, equitable distribution benefits and the scheduling of working hours especially in Asia and Africa. - Evaluate its Management Commitment Index on a quarterly basis. - Monitor the ethics of the recruitment proc ess on quarterly basis across all organizational lines. - Rate its Suppliers Responsibility Conformance Index. And take action where appropriate. - Promote the highest levels of free expression of ideas and opinions across all organizational lines. -Protect the dignity and privacy of its employees, and ensure confidentiality in all records kept, as well as in their personal lifestyles. Apple Inc. - Outline of Code of Ethics: The Code of Ethics shall be developed along the following outline, A. Introduction B The purpose of the code of ethics C. The Chief Executive ethical prospective D. Apple Statement of Ethical Principles E. Corporate Responsibilities F. Relationship with Shareholders G. Implementation Policies H. Quality Assurance Audits I. Reporting Procedures J. Communication Policies (www.bcorporation.net) K. Educational Strategy Implementation Policies The Code of Ethics for Apple Inc. will be implemented using a 12 step program (www.bcorporation.net). At the outset the progr am will be subjected to endorsements, integration, circulation, employee feedback, affirmations, contract affiliations, mandatory regular reviews, training, enforcement procedures, translations, networking, and annual reporting. (www.bcorporation.net). Apple Inc. embraces John Stuart Mill’

Comparative methodological critique Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Comparative methodological critique - Essay Example apply the principles of scientific research and avoid proceeding to any initiative that will affect the study’s credibility, for instance the failure in appropriately citing the texts quoted from another study, the failure to inform the participants on the study’s scopes and its ethics – a fact that can lead even to the rejection of a particular study. This paper explores the various aspects of two studies that are based on different research methods: a qualitative and a quantitative one. As a sample of quantitative research, the study of Krishnan et al. (2005) under the title ‘A few good women – on top management teams’ has been chosen; the context of the qualitative research has been also examined through the study of Liff et al. (2001) under the title ‘Distorted views through the glass ceiling: the construction of women’s understandings of promotion and senior management positions’; it is proved that the two studies have been developed in the context of scientific research and therefore they’ve managed to meet their scope despite the delays caused because of failures in different phases of research in the context described below. Krishnan et al. (2005) have tried to examine the potential influence of gender diversity on organizational performance; a series of additional issues have been examined in the context of the study, like the level of gender diversity in modern organization, the environmental characteristics (which in this case refer to the demographic characteristics of the participants) and the role of women managers in changing the internal organizational environment. The reasons that Krishnan et al. (2005) chose the specific subject is the fact that gender has been proved in the literature to influence the performance of employees – as a result of the organization; the aspects of this problem need to be highlighted; despite the development of social and cultural values worldwide there are still factors, like the gender, that

China's energy technology and how it affects the United States Research Paper

China's energy technology and how it affects the United States - Research Paper Example The Chinese economy have shown remarkable strength and resiliency throughout the economic crisis and has likewise shown significant strength when recovery started to set in. However, the United States remain shackled down by systemic risks since the crisis basically crippled the banking sector of the US. Among the positive contributors to the resiliency of the Chinese economy was the strong domestic demand that has been instrumental in ensuring consumption and therefore economic growth. This has been brought about by the fact that China has the highest population in the world which the Central Intelligence Agency (2011) estimates to about 1.3 billion. On the other end, the United States has over .3 billion which places it at the third spot over the world. Looking at the population alone, it is easy to surmise that these countries are also the most voracious energy consumers in the world. However, the recent acceleration of the Chinese economy has prompted the government to be more se rious in tackling the energy demand of the country. This is a basic necessity since this is a basic requirement for continued economic growth. Hence, it has been a pressing concern for the Chinese to improve their capability to power their economy which includes renewable energy sources from the sun and the wind. Likewise, this has been instrumental in pushing China past the United States in terms of energy consumption (IEA, 2010). Main Body Economic recovery and Energy Sustainability The recovery of the global economy has been coupled by the increased arousal to the reality of global warming. Likewise, the fact that fossil fuels will eventually run out has been increasingly gaining traction on economic, social, political and even in military dialogues worldwide. As a matter of fact, world leaders have inked the Copenhagen agreement in order to lessen emissions from green house gases (World Energy Outlook, 2010). This is a significant agreement since the environmental symptoms of gl obal warming has been growing more severe. Likewise, in order to ensure economic growth and stability, countries would do well to veer away from the traditional power source of fossil fuels. This has significantly boosted demand for renewable energy sources such as solar power and wind energy. More so, the economic growth of China has necessitated additional power producing capabilities. Over the last generation, China has increased its power output by about 53 gigawatts (gw) per year (Campbell 2011). Given the high population and the increasing investments to further grow their economy, China has really stepped up its efforts and investments in renewable energy. According to Wong (2010), China has been significantly pouring funds for renewable energy. Basically, the Chinese hopes to be ahead of the curve when it comes to generating new ways to harness renewable energy as well as to be able to make it available for consumption and actually making its economy able to utilize it. Furt hermore, China has significantly moved away from the coal dependent economy that is, although growing industrially, manufactures only low value goods that are mainly dependent on labor. Nowadays, despite still being a predominantly agricultural economy, China has been re-cast as an advanced economy with an increasingly sophisticated economy coupled by the

Sports Exercise Science Paper Essay Example for Free

Sports Exercise Science Paper Essay AussieFit offers two inexpensive membership options starting at basic Fit which is $4.95 a week. Includes Full-club access includes strength, cardio and free weights. Each is designed to fit your schedule and budget. BasicFit plus Includes all â€Å"BasicFit privileges† â€Å"PLUS Aussie-style world-class Group Fitness† including: BodyPump, Cycling, Zumba, and more! From $6.89 a week and for just $5 extra per week, you can add on your choice of the â€Å"Little Nippers Kids’ Club† or â€Å"Unlimited Touch less Tanning.† There are several weights that are available mostly all the basic equipment, the site does not reveal too much information regarding weights. There are also several programs like: â€Å"Zumba Fitness† a Latin-inspired dance-fitness that blends international music, created by Grammy Award-winning producers. â€Å"Body Attack† which is a sports inspired cardio workout that builds strength and stamina. Its a high-intensity program is designed to a wide range of fitness levels and ages. The possibility of using low-impact and low-intensity options throughout the class allows new participants to enjoy the class alongside very fit individual. Also â€Å"Body Combat† which is a unique, Martial Arts-based workout that’s designed for people looking to boost cardio fitness and benefit from total body conditioning. Primarily for fun, this workout is particularly for youthful, sociable individuals who are likely to attend classes with friends. â€Å"Body flow† a workout which combines Yoga, Tai Chi and Pilates and is designed for those looking to improve general fitness, relax and reduce stress, increase mental clearness and to get a sense of well-being. It requires low-level coordination and is particularly popular with the more mature market. There is also â€Å"Body Jam† which puts together the latest dance moves and the hottest new sounds and is designed for the young and young at heart it’s perfect for confident, social people who like to listen to the latest music and try out all the latest trends. Another one is â€Å"Body pump† which is the original barbell class that is for of all ages and fitness levels, and is perfect for anyone looking to get the best possible results in the shortest time. It is favored by those who are bored by an individual weights program and by group fitness people who recognize the need to add some weight training to their workout. Another one is â€Å"Body Step† an energizing step-based cardio workout that uses a height-adjustable step and simple movements on, over and around the step. Including cardio blocks that push fat burning into high gear followed by muscle-conditioning tracks that shape and tone the body, it’s perfect for anyone looking for a fun way to increase fitness. The Website however does not reveal the following; color schemes, music, atmosphere and uniforms. Also absent recreational leagues, clinics, types of sport instruction offered, due to the fact the gym does not have any gymnasiums. The number of employees capacity, number of administrators capacity, is also confidential information. In conclusion, I felt the gym website did a fairly below average job with their website. I felt the website was not well rounded and focused too much on one specific key area being their programs and did not cover all the areas equally. The club website also lacked a lot of information and was really too basic and general to the point of boredom, so I do not think I would attend AusssieFit due to the fact the website lacked creativity, in depth information and diversity with what they have to offer.

Philosophical Autobiography Essay Example for Free

Philosophical Autobiography Essay Life is what not it’s cracked up to be. Sure, it sounds like good, but eventually we all encounter despair, failure, suffering, frustration, the being unloving of our own hearts and of those around us, and finally death. Experience tells us even the best aspects of life are ultimately unsatisfying.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Probably the most significant question we can ask ourselves is what the most important thing in life is. The question has far reaching implications in that the answers that we arrive at can determine the course of the rest of our lives. Many would consider money or financial success as the most important factor in life. The high rate of suicide amongst lottery winners would contradict this. Others would search for fame, yet the list of famous people who have committed suicide or died from an overdose of drugs continues to grow. Good health would be high on anyone’s priorities, and the presence of love in ones life is also of major importance.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I would propose that wisdom is the most important thing in life. The best definition of wisdom that I have read is â€Å"the best means to achieve the best ends†. Wisdom is needed to achieve the best results in the myriad decisions we all need to make daily in our personal, financial, family, work, community lives. Each one of us has a unique mindset or set of beliefs which are continuously changing and which we use to make decisions, each of which has significant roll on effect on how the rest of our lives turn out. These mindsets are determined by the unique environments we have grown up in, our age, our education and the cumulative impact that each life experience has had on us. Our unique mindset is either working in our favor or working against us in each and every situation that we face. One way that we can test how online our thinking is in a particular situation is to look at the results we achieve as a result of the actions we took. Good results means our governing beliefs were online, bad results means that we need to re-evaluate our beliefs to determine what caused the negative outcome. I would propose that life is very much like a game and that a comparison between the two is very enlightening. In any game, you need to be fit, possess certain skills and have a good knowledge of the rules in order to participate. In life, we need to have a good knowledge of the rules that apply and to use this knowledge continuously in order to assess and make decisions in every situation that we face. The more intensely we play the game of life, the better our knowledge and application of the rules, the better the results we will achieve, much like a football player who is skilled, trains hard and knows the rules. During the course of our lives we progress from being dependent on our parents for food and shelter and emotional support, to being independent as we become young adults. We learn to make decisions for ourselves, and as we see the results of our decisions we get feedback and the resultant experience adds wisdom to subsequent decisions. The next stage is to develop relationships with others, or interdependence, and it is through these relationships that significant personal growth can occur. Many of us however have a low sense of self esteem which holds us back in relating to others. We look at the results we have and are achieving in our lives. If our results are unsatisfactory, we reassess our beliefs and make adjustments to our actions. Additional feedback is our emotions like fear, anger, unhappiness, disappointment etc. Our target is to lead a joy-filled, intense yet balanced life, leading to continually increasing wisdom.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, most of us need to unwind and get away from our hectic schedules from school, work, and other things that keep us busy. Like other young adults, they hang out in bars to have some fun but in my case, I rather go to the beach or in the mountains with my family to spend time with them and at the same time to recollect, meditate and appreciate the creation of God. Each place has its own beauty that attracts my attention. I love nature that much. I am thrill and feel excited every time I gaze their natural beauties. These are the places where I can meditate, recollect and reminisce my past or the things I do previously.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I like going to the beach if I want to find enjoyment and fun. I like the beach a lot because the breeze is very fresh. When I am in the beach, I enjoy staying under the heat of the sun while reading my favorite book and the sun makes my skin tan and adorable to look at. I also feel free and at ease. I can wear too my favorite swimwear.   When I am in the beach, it gives me an opportunity to surf and play beach ball games which I cannot do when I am at home and school. I also bury myself under the sand as a sort of relaxation and therapy to my body and when I do that, it gives me a sort of relief. Going to the beach also gives me an opportunity to meet new set of people from different walks of life.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   On the other hand, going to the mountains is also an interesting thing to do. It is fun and adventure. If I want to be on my own and don’t want to be disturbed by people, I immediately go to the mountains. The air there is as fresh as in the beach but it is not crowded with people. I can only find trees and animals. The chirps of the birds really inspire me and want to live life to the fullest. It makes me realize, too, that though birds live simply, they are happy and contented with their lives. They don’t ask for more but happy of what they have. This is the perfect place for meditation and for adventure. I am free from air and noise pollutions from the city where I live. When I am on the mountains, it gives me an opportunity to sleep early and helps me wake up excitedly the next day to have a brisk walk or climb some mountainous areas. Moreover, as a wide reader, I love to read detective and inspirational books. These would help me develop my critical thinking and analyze why things happen that way. Hence, I also like the works of Shakespeare especially the story of Hamlet. Considered as one of the greatest of Shakespeare’s tragedies, Hamlet is also one of the best-known plays in world literature. It is distinguished to be one of the first of its kind of being peculiarly a â€Å"philosophical play†, in addition to having a variety of metaphysical and psychological theories. Although revenge tragedies already existed during and before its time, Hamlet best exemplifies the genre of Elizabethan revenge. A center of many arguments is the apparent delay of Hamlet’s revenge. Critical discussion of this supposed procrastination has a long history. Goethe thought Hamlet too sensitive, Coleridge and A.W. von Schlegel too intelligent to be capable of action. The early 20th century English critic A.C. Bradley saw him as restrained by melancholia, the 19th century German scholar Herman Ulrici by moral scruples; the Freudians viewed him as too complex-ridden to kill his uncle (â€Å"Hamlet†). This aspect of Hamlet’s behavior is seen either as a flaw or a virtue. The story contains four sons of murdered fathers (Hamlet, Laertes, Fortinbras, and Pyrrhus), but Hamlet differs from the three’s pursuit for revenge. He even goes as far as feigning insanity in order to conceal his real agitation and divert attention from his task of revenge. The subject of revenge, which is one of the focal themes of the play, transcends every genre, for there is a Hamlet in every one of us. As Hamlet in the story suffers pain and grief as a result of the circumstances surrounding his father’s death, the usurping of the throne and by the betrayal he felt from his mother’s remarriage to his father’s brother, Hamlet is then filled with the dilemma of whether to take revenge against the wrongdoer. Suffering and grief as a consequence of injustice and oppression is as old as man’s history. Even during the course of the play, Hamlet’s torment alienates him from all those around him, even though he has a close friend to confide with. Such inner turmoil is only expressed in his soliloquies but unknown to those around him. Certainly, the depth of suffering is known only the most by the one who suffers.   How people variously react to such agonies is showcased in the play’s story. Most often, it is the common desire to act as the three other young men (Laertes, Fortinbras, and Pyrrhus) did pursue their task of vengeance with ruthless single-mindedness. However, Hamlet’s situation is far more complicated. This shows that indeed, vengeance is far from simple. While it seeks to retaliate by inflicting pain for pain, Shakespeare’s Hamlet shows the peril of vengeance. All those who sought revenge died. Hamlet’s loved ones (such as Ophelia), those whom he could have sought solace and comfort, and himself also died. They became victims of Hamlet’s reckless rage as a result of his deflected and unfulfilled desire for retaliation. Revenge therefore, sinks both the offender and the avenger, pulling down along with it the innocent. It is a bearer of destruction. While most revenge plays justifies the avenger by emphasizing him or her as a victim, Hamlet’s character hangs a question above it. At the very core of revenge is bitterness, and is like a ‘rotten apple that spoils the whole bunch’. It has destroyed everything that’s good in Hamlet and made him much more evil than his stepfather. The danger of retaliation is to do greater harm than what was received. No one overcomes evil, with evil. Before bitterness could do its harm, it is best thrown out. Truly, Shakespeare’s Hamlet speaks to every individual in every genre, since ALL of us must pass through a time of making that choice: â€Å"TO BE (bitter) OR NOT TO BE (bitter)? That indeed is a question we all must face.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In addition, I believed that I am a one of a kind person so the saying or quote that would definitely describe me is The Grateful One. The reason I chose this quote is because this is what I perceive myself as and this is what other people think about me too. Not all people are being appreciative and thankful of what they have in life. Some of them would only be grateful when things go smoothly and when they can get the things they want. But through the years and seasoned with testing and circumstances, I have learned that I should be grateful in every way; thus, thanking those people who have helped me shape my character not only those people who brought positive impacts in my life but including those people who have hurt me. It is so irony to be grateful for those people who have hurt me but to some degree, their negative actions toward me make me strong as an individual and learn to depend on God. I have learned, too, that I should not only be thankful during the times when my spirit is uplifted but as well as the time when I am also down because I believe that everything has a purpose why things happen and during those gloomy days of my life, I was able to ponder and see the true beauty of life; thus, showing me who are my true friends are.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, I never let the day pass without being appreciative and thankful to every people I meet. I may not directly say thank you to them but at least I would tell them that I appreciate to be with their presence. But most of all, I will continually be grateful to God for giving me a family and parents who are very supportive and really inculcated that good conduct. Actually, I come from a strong Christian background and my family tells me, consistently, to always acknowledge God and to remember where my blessings come from. I am what I am today because of them.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Though I am very active with my academic career and civic organizations, I had this experience before that totally teach me a lesson. It teaches me how to listen some advices from others especially from our parents. This is my other side. To let go of someone you dearly love is very painful to do. The pains cause by ending relationship is very unbearable. Some people may find their world tear apart when they realize that their relationship with their partner is not going well. I have had this relationship in the past that truly marks in my heart and in my mind. I do love this person very much despite of his weaknesses and flaws but many people around us do not like the idea of being us together. At first, I try not to give ear to their comments and opinions because of my love for my partner. But in a long run, I decide to call it quits because I find out that my partner is having an affair with other man; take note, it’s a â€Å"man.† It truly hurts me a lot because he exchanges me to a man! It is a big slap my on face. That is the first factor I consider when I break up with him. He is not trustworthy and faithful. I just strongly believe that a woman is meant to be with a man and a man is meant to be with a woman. Though I live in a liberated world but I cannot just take and stand with this kind of idea that is having an affair with same sex. When I break up with him, I feel so much freedom that I never been experiencing when we are still together. I don’t know why I feel that way, but that is how I really feel. I feel like a bird being imprison in a cage for a long time and has the chance to be released. When my friends especially my parents learn about it, they are very happy and relieve. They don’t just like my partner because they can smell something fishy on him. After the break, I feel such joy in my heart and feel more beautiful inside.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Furthermore, many people think of personality as being made up of observable traits such as shyness, friendliness, and initiative. However, such traits are only the outward expression of various inner conditions and processes such as intelligence, attitudes, interests, and motives. Normal persons develop relatively consistent personalities that are distinguished by certain dominant traits. Persons belonging to the same cultural group—such as a family or nation—have many traits in common. But each person exhibits different traits under different circumstances, and each has unique traits as well as those he or she shares with others. It is also known that personalities develop throughout life, and may even undergo fundamental changes as result of psychotherapy or other treatment.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Moreover, personality is produced by the interaction of heredity and environment. Inborn qualities affect the individual’s response to the outside world, and the environment influences the way in which inborn capacities develop. However, the precise reasons why one person develops certain personality traits, while other develops other traits, are not known.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   What you have known to yourself is not known to others. They only base their judgments on what they see and that is your personality. Basically, the treatment of people on you depends on how you carry yourself, through your composure when you are irritated and how you dressed up yourself.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   An example of this is how you dress up yourself.   Don’t wear clothes that will give others a reason to criticize and not respect you at all but rather wear clothes that would motivate them to respect you as a person because if you would like to be respected, pay respect first to yourself by wearing clothes decently.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   I have observed that people that I meet pay me respect because of the way I dress and talk to them. I have a number of experiences that with regards to how I dress up and gaining respect from others. They find my personality respectable because of how I act and how I carry my clothes.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Another thing, we cannot deny that there is always prejudice and biases wherever we go. People will treat you nicely or give you special treatment if they find you attractive or appealing but if you are not attractive to their eyes, they will just ignore you as if you do not exist. It usually happens in big and known department stores or any establishment. If you wear flashy clothes and very attractive to look at, the salesperson will entertain you very well and gives you a welcome smile but if you wear just a simple dress and you are not that attractive, there is a tendency that the salesperson will not give you a fair treatment. She/He might think that you cannot afford the stuff they are selling and why does she/he bother entertaining you?   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   There are times too that attractive people are always popular and they are respected because of their good looking appearances. Moreover, many people would be fanatic to them and may imitate their styles. Just like the actresses and actors that we have in the past and at present. Because of their charisma, many people would try to imitate and dream to be like them. But if you only have a plain face, there is always a tendency that people would make fun of you. So we cannot deny that in this world, most people are looking only for the outside appearance and they forgot to look what is in the heart.